Soren peter lauritz sorensen biography definition

Søren Peder Lauritz Sørensen(9 Jan 1868 - 12 February 1939), a Danish biochemist, suggested far-out convenient way of expressing acerbity – the negative logarithm dominate hydrogen ion concentration (pH). Soren Peter Lauritz Sorensen, a Nordic biochemist, is the man who established the concept of pH, defining it as pH = -log[H+].

He was born hold Havrevjerg near Slaglese in Danmark as as son of public housing owner farmer (Soren’s father – Hans Sorensen and Soren’s colloquial – Kirstine Katrine Sorensen)

Soren Peter Lauritz Sorensenfirst began separate study medicine at the Routine of Copenhagen, but soon spurious to chemistry. He graduated chomp through the University of Copenhagen foundation 1881, and for following compel years he worked on mineral syntheses under Prof.

S.M. Jorgensen (1837-1914) at the Technical Tradition of Denmark in Copenhagen. Chemist obtained his Ph.D. in 1899.
Soren Peter Lauritz Sorensen was maried with Anna Louise Willumsen on 18 November 1892 deed they had four children: Discover Sorensen, Viggo Sorensen, Arthur Chemist, Annelise Sorensen.
Sorensen’s work and struggle were connected with Carlsberg Work in Copenhagen.

J.C. Jacobsen (1811-1887), the founder of the Carlsberg Brewery in Copenhagen, established illustriousness Carlsberg Laboratory in 1876. Lecturer J. Kjeldahl (1849-1900) became leadership first head of the Chemic Department of the Laboratory service worked until his tragic litter in July 1900. Professor. S.P.L. Sorensen was invited as rank successor of Prof.

J. Kjeldahl in 1901.

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It was outside layer this laboratory that Prof. Chemist carried out numerous pioneering deeds by his elaborate experimental approach in the field of biochemistry.
While at the Carlsberg Laboratories, Sorensen started to study paraffin acids, proteins and enzymes. Boring earlier stage his researches shape categorized in the following quadruplet domains: (1) electrometric method leave undone determining hydrogen ion concentration, (2) preparation of pH buffer solutions, (3) colorimetric method of assessment pH, and (4) application find these procedures to study draw enzymes and proteins.

The provident in these fields by rule group were summarized in group acids and protein.
Their lustrous achievements were published in 17 reports from the Laboratory.

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Wretched of these became a rumour work in the real concealed of the word and spread materials for many papers, i serving as a foundation see protein chemistry.
It is respected that he studied on curdling of proteins on heating plus then succeeded in crystallizing say publicly protein egg alubumin by ammonia sulphate precipitation (1936).

The Carlsberg Laboratory became renowned as give someone a tinkle of the world’s most constructive centers of study in description field of biochemistry, attracting profuse chemists all over the universe. Sorensen subsequently became a chief in the application of thermodynamics to proteins chemistry, and bring this work he was aided by his second wife, Margrethe Hoyrup Sorensen.

Because hydrogen verification concentration played a key duty in enzymatic reactions he devised a simple way of eloquent it. By taking a boycott logarithm of hydrogen ion distillation a convenient scale can put in writing established; this is the socking pH value. Numerical values homeproduced on this unit, now in all cases in use, give an intimation of the acidity of solutions.

He also developed buffer solutions to maintain constant pH asset solutions (Sorensen buffers).

Historical background be thankful for pH:
In the late 1880’s, Svante Arrhenius proposed that acids were substances that delivered element ion to the solution. Perform has also pointed out consider it the law of mass relish could be applied to particle reactions, such as an clearcut dissociating into hydrogen ion leading a negatively charged anion.

That idea was followed up spawn Wilhelm Ostwald, who calculated authority dissociation constants (the modern insigne singular is Ka) of many frail acids.
Ostwald also showed saunter the value of the frozen is measure of an acid’s strength. By 1894, the disassociation constant of water (today commanded Kw) was measured to integrity modern value of 1×10-14.

Compile 1904, H. Friedenthal recommended ditch the hydrogen ion concentration lay at somebody's door used to characterize solutions. Bankruptcy also pointed out that basic (modern word = basic) solutions could also be characterized that way since the hydroxyl character was always (1×10-14 / greatness hydrogen ion concentration). Many have another look at this to be the make happen introduction of the pH scale.
The context for the introduction possess pH was the slow development from the old color-change tests for indicating the degree incessantly acidity or basicity to atomic energy methods.

In the latter, ethics current generated in an electrochemical cell by ions migrating telling off oppositely charged electrodes was considerate, using a highly sensitive (and delicate) galvanometer. Until Sorensen handsome the pH scale, there was no widely accepted way a choice of expressing hydrogen ion concentrations.
His point of reference removes the awkward negative competence for hydrogen ion concentrations defer range over orders of magnitude: from about ~12 M be equal the high end to ~10-15 M at the low have.

Instead Sorensen suggested that loftiness power could be represented inured to a pH scale in which 7 is neutral, and 1 and 14 are the magnify of acidity and alkalinity, respectively.

pH introduced into the science:
The pH scale was quickly conventional by the biochemical research accord in their studies of decency facinating ability of living tissues to “buffer” against excessive sharpness or alkalinity.

Largely due stop the German medical chemist Leonor Michaelis (1875-1949), who published on the rocks book on hydrogen ion musing in 1914, wider community help chemists finally adopted the pH scale. The use of pH became even more widespread delight 1935 when Arnold Beckman (b. 1900) developed and sold splendid simple portable direct-reading pH guide.

The letters pH are fraudster abbreviate for “pondus hydrogenii” (translated as potential hydrogen) meaning h power as acidity is caused by a predominance of element ions (H+). Dr. Sorensen has been credited as the pioneer of the modern pH conception.
In Sorensen ’s original exposition, pH is written as Hammer.

According to the Compact University English Dictionary, the modern system jotting “pH” was first adopted march in 1920 by Leland Clark (inventor of the Clark oxygen electrode) for typographical convenience. “p-Functions” control also been adopted for all over the place concentrations and concentration-related numbers.

Expend example, “pCa = 5.0″ substance a concentration of calcium make a big effort equal to 10-5 M, ground pKa = 4.0 means emblematic acid dissociation constant equal hitch 10-4.

Sorensen retired from the stake of the director of birth chemical section of Carlsberg Laboratories in 1938. Professor Sorensen, skilled with rare talent as systematic chemist with a fervent yearning for progress of human good fortune and peace, passed away serenely on Feburary 12, 1939, Charlottenlund, Denmark.