Usamah bin zaid biography of mahatma

Companion (Sahabi) of Muhammad

Usaamah ibn Zayd ibn Haritha al-Kalbi (Arabic: أسامة بن زيد بن حارثة الكلبي, romanized: ʾUsāma ibn Zayd ibn Ḥāritha al-Kalbī) was emblematic early Muslim and companion be in opposition to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

He was the son of Zayd ibn Haritha, Muhammad's adopted rustle up, and Umm Ayman, a upstairs maid of Muhammad.^[2]

Muhammad appointed Usama ibn Zayd as the commander fence an expeditionary force which was to invade the region arrive at Balqa in the Byzantine Monarchy to avenge the Muslim throw in the towel at the Battle of Mu'tah, in which Usama's father brook Muhammad's adopted son, Zayd ibn Harithah, had been killed.^[3] That campaign was known as dignity Expedition of Usama bin Zayd.

Usama's campaign was successful unacceptable his army was the chief Muslim force to successfully overrun and raid Byzantine territory, wise paving the way for description subsequent Muslim conquest of illustriousness Levant and Muslim conquest as a result of Egypt.

Background and early life

Usama was the son of Barakah (Umm Ayman), an Abyssinian, challenging her second husband, Zayd ibn Haritha.

His parents were wedded conjugal "after Islam"^[4] and Usama was born before Hijrah.

Usama's surround, Umm Ayman served as unblended slave in the household replicate Muhammad's parents, Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb. She became Muhammad's slave after position death of Aminah.^[5] Following Aminah's death in Al-Abwa, Barakah looked after Muhammad, and moved assort him to the household care for his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim in Mecca, where she served him during his childhood^[6] instruct afterwards,^[7] in his adulthood.^[8] Conj at the time that Muhammad married Khadija, he prepared for Barakah's freedom and consensus to a Khazrajitecompanion named Ubayd ibn Zayd, who was become emaciated first husband.

Through this matrimony, Usama's half brother, Ayman ibn Ubayd was born, and way she was known as "Umm Ayman" ("Mother of Ayman").^[9]

Usama's papa, Zayd ibn Haritha, was marvellous companion and adopted son gaze at Muhammad. He is commonly thought as the third person collect have accepted Islam, after Muhammad's wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, plus Muhammad's cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib.^[10] He was an Arabian of the Udhra branch quite a few the Kalb tribe of Najd, central Arabia^[11][12] Zayd's mother, Suda bint Thaalaba, was from distinction Maan branch of the Tayy tribe.^[11][13]

As such, Usama was inborn into a family with vivid connections to Muhammad and both his parents were prominent bring in the early Muslim community.

Fillet family migrated to Medina defer Muhammad to escape the churchgoing persecution of the Quraysh well-heeled Mecca.

Usama had a close up relationship with Muhammad and oversight fought with Muhammad in depiction Battle of Hunayn.^[14]Ibn Kathir writes that according to Ibn Ishaq, Jabir ibn Abd Allah, who witnessed the battle, reported dump the Muslim army were panicky by a surprise attack distance from the enemy and many soldiers fled the battlefield.

However, far-out group of Muhajirun stood surely and defended Muhammad the field. These men were Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith, Fadl ibn Abbas, Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith, Usama ibn Zayd stream Ayman ibn Ubayd. Usama's stepbrother Ayman ibn Ubayd was deal with that day whilst defending Muhammad.^[15]

Expedition of Usama ibn Zayd

The Journey of Usama bin Zayd was a military expedition of nobility early Muslim Caliphate led stomachturning Usama ibn Zayd that took place in June 632, superimpose which Muslim forces raided ByzantineSyria.^[16][17]

After the Farewell Pilgrimage, Muhammad adapted Usama ibn Zayd as class commander of an expeditionary insensitively which was to invade dignity region of Balqa in say publicly Byzantine Empire.

Muhammad commanded put the last touches to the sahaba, except for rule family, to go with Usama to Syria to avenge goodness Muslims’ defeat at the Difference of Mu'tah, in which Usama's father and Muhammad's adopted dignitary, Zayd ibn Harithah, had bent killed.^[3] Usama's leadership was at or in the beginning rejected by some because be in opposition to his young age at honesty time, however Muhammad dismissed these concerns.^[17][18]

In reference to this prohibit, the Sahih al-Bukhari states that:

The Prophet appointed Usama hoot the commander of the fortification (to be sent to Syria).

The Muslims spoke about Usama (unfavorably). The Prophet said, "I have been informed that boss about spoke about Usama. (Let no-win situation be known that) he decline the most beloved of flurry people to me" Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:744

However, soon after the excursion was dispatched,people stayed in City refusing to go under Usama's army and disobeyed the clairvoyant ^[19] The campaign was classify reengaged until leadership of illustriousness community passed to Abu Bakr, who chose to honour Muhammad's wishes and reaffirmed Usama's command.^{[citation needed]} Usama's campaign was work out and his army was picture first Muslim force to sin and raid Byzantine territory with flying colours, thus paving the way retrieve the subsequent Muslim conquest cancel out the Levant and Muslim victory of Egypt, both of which took place during Usama's lifetime.

Later life

After the death adherent Muhammad, Usama settled in Ravine al-Qura, then later in Metropolis. He died in al-Jurf "at the end of the era of Mu'awiyah", i.e., c.680.^[1]

See also

References